02/08/2023
Having worked in Malta within the field of Anti Money Laundering, or AML in short, at the time the country was placed on the grey list by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), and now being back in South Africa, with the latter now also placed on the grey list, it is interesting to note a few thoughts.
By no means is this an in-depth analysis, but as someone actively involved in the field of compliance and AML regimes, the response each country had to the event, do deliver interesting insights. Both countries were caught napping, having been aware of the deficiencies it had. Apart from that, being a member of the FATF does mean you subscribe to certain minimum standards. That requires self-discipline to ensure compliance, but clearly other interests become more attractive, until it becomes too late.
The reality is that money laundering is a habitual crime of sorts. It starts small, but over time it escalates into an unstoppable runaway train. This is when the grey listing sets in. The response of both countries were ones of utter panic and shock. Crisis committees were formed, and draft legislation were prepared at the speed of light, with the world’s best intentions of now combatting money laundering.
Malta could not afford this. Its economy is built on the financial sector and receiving bad vibes from the higher authorities, could place its position in danger, also considering they are a member of the European Union. It knew it had to get of it, and soon. The benefit Malta had was that it is a small island – in my mind, the smaller the territory and population, the easier one can get a grip on things – with a relatively well organised formal services sector. The response was a well concerted effort, and they were removed from the grey list one year later.
South Africa cannot afford this either, but sadly, I am not entirely convinced the government realises this. If its money laundering activities are compared to a train, then State Capture is probably one of the locomotives. South Africa is now six months into its response, and I just don’t get the same level of panic and sense of urgency I got from Malta. I recently attended a webinar hosted by one of the leading enforcement agencies in South Africa, which I found bland, uninformative, and seriously lacking real intent to educate. The concepts and tick box items are there, but it will require for a compliance culture to be developed across society, which I find lacking. It is going to require a lot of hard work from senior agencies within government. Putting up shiny new stop signs at convenient intervals next to the runaway train track will not suffice; we need to derail it.
To effectively combat financial crime in general, I am a strong believer in having the right culture present to achieve the desired outcomes. If we all work together and actively participate in identifying areas where financial crime can or does get track, we may get this train stopped.