10/16/2026
Does the Hague Service Convention apply? In its Kangol LLC ruling, the Seventh Circuit said the answer turns first on whether the defendant’s address is known, and remanded for the district court to assess whether reasonable efforts had been made to locate and verify it.
That makes skip tracing more than an administrative step. A documented search across multiple sources, with address verification and a clear record of the steps taken, can help counsel assess which service rules apply and support a defensible service record. The court, not the search itself, decides whether the address is “known.”
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