01/19/2022
Need a little inspiration on a gray, January day?
Meet Belva Lockwood-one of the first female lawyers in the U.S.!
This little spitfire was nearly 40 when she decided to enroll at the National University School of Law in 1871 (the first year that the law school opened courses to women.)
Upon graduation, the law school refused to grant her a diploma.
Belva wrote letters directly to Ulysses S. Grant (yes, THAT Ulysses S. Grant), demanding that the university recognize her coursework with the diploma she said had been promised.
The university quietly mailed her a degree several days later.
Belva faced additional hurdles in securing bar admission-but eventually became the first woman admitted to the bar of the United States Supreme Court.
She eventually moved to Washington D.C.-in the 1880s-where she regularly made news by transporting herself to and from work via a tricycle- and eventually ran for President of the United States.
Be like Belva.
Don't give up!
A well-known Washington, D.C. lawyer and activist, Belva Ann Lockwood became the first woman admitted to the bar of the United States Supreme Court on March 3, 1879.
Lockwood began pursuing law as one of fifteen women admitted to the law program at National University in Washington, D.C. in 1871. Once she completed the course, university administrators—facing objection from male students and alumni—refused to issue Lockwood a diploma. Without a diploma, she was “denied admission to the D.C. bar in 1872.”
In January 1873, Lockwood sent a letter to the White House explaining her situation to President Ulysses S. Grant. At that time, President Grant was serving as president ex officio of the National University Law School.
After not receiving a reply, Lockwood wrote a second letter in September in which she stated, “I desire to say to you that I have passed through the curriculum of study in this school, and am entitled to, and demand, my diploma.”
President Grant’s personal Secretary, Levi P. Luckey, wrote to Lockwood informing her that the president had “brought up” her concerns in a Cabinet meeting, but that there was “no authority to grant the request made outside of Congress.” Although Lockwood’s request seemed hopeless, she managed to receive her diploma two weeks later, and was soon admitted to the D.C. bar.
In October 1876, a male colleague nominated Lockwood for admission to the bar of the Supreme Court but “she was rejected by a vote of six to three.” Lockwood decided to draft her own bill, which became known as “A Bill to Relieve Certain Legal Disabilities of Women.” Representative John M. Glover of Ohio introduced the bill on the House floor. The bill passed in the House on February 21, 1878, and a year later in the Senate. Following her victory, Lockwood called on First Lady Lucy Webb Hayes, who complimented Lockwood on her achievement.
On February 15, 1879, President Rutherford B. Hayes signed the legislation into law. Lockwood became the first female lawyer to argue a case before the U.S. Supreme Court on November 30, 1880.
Image: Library of Congress