11/10/2015
I am writing the content to provide general information on family law issues to those who have found my page. It is not legal advice. Please do not take it as such.
There are two types of custody: Legal and Physical. Custody can be either Sole or Joint.
Sole Legal Custody means that one parent has the right and responsibility to make decisions concerning the child(ren)'s health, education, and welfare.
Joint Legal Custody means that both parents shall share in the right and responsibility to make decisions relating to the health, education, and welfare of the child(ren).
There can be disagreements about enrollment in a particular public or private school; Participation in particular religious activities or institutions; Enrollment and participation in mental health counseling or therapy; Selection of health professionals (Physicians, Dentists, Etc.); Extra-curricular activities, and Out-of-State and/or Out-of Country travel. When a disagreement arises, one parent can request a Special Decision-Making Designation from the court that confers upon that parent the responsibility to make the decision regarding a particular issue. That designation usually comes with the requirement that the parent engage in good-faith discussions with the other parent before making the decision.
Sole Physical Custody means that a child shall reside with and under the supervision of one parent, subject to the court's power to order visitation. Joint Physical Custody means that each of the parents shall have significant periods of physical custody. Joint Physical Custody shall be shared by the parents in such a way as to assure a child of frequent and continuing contact with both parents, subject to Sections 3011 and 3020.
Oftentimes, parents want to have primary physical custody. However, the Family Code does not provide authority for or a definition of "primary physical custody." In practice, it is used in the context of what parent has more time (Visitation) with the child(ren).
Visitation is when the parents are actually with or primarily physically responsible for the child(ren). Visitation will be the subject of a future post.