23/09/2026
Assessment Year: 2026-2027
Tax slab for general person & Special Tax-Free Thresholds
Our main objective is to learn laws of Bangladesh and more
Assessment Year: 2026-2027
Tax slab for general person & Special Tax-Free Thresholds
āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨāĻāĻŖ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻž āϏāĻāĻā§āϰāĻžāύā§āϤ⧠āĻšāĻžāĻāĻā§āϰā§āĻā§ āϰā§āĻ: āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻžāύāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰ⧠āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋāĻā§ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞā§āĻā§āĻ
āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻžāύā§āύ āĻāĻŋ- āĻāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻžāύā§āϰ āĻŦāϰāĻžāĻŦāϰ⧠āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻžāύāϤāĻā§āϤ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāύā§āϧāĻā§ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§-āĻāĻāύāĻŋ āĻ āĻ
āĻŦā§āϧāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰ⧠āĻāϰāϞ⧠āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰā§ā§āϰ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝ⧠āύāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāϞ⧠āĻĒāϰ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāώā§āĻā§ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞā§āĻā§āĻ āĻāϰ⧠āĻšāĻžāĻāĻā§āϰā§āĻā§ āϰāĻŋāĻ āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻĻāĻžā§ā§āϰ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āύ? āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻžāύā§āύ āϝā§- āĻāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āϰāĻžāύā§āϤ⧠āĻšāĻžāĻāĻā§āϰā§āĻā§ āĻāϏāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻž āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŽā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āĻ
āϧāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ? āĻāϰ āĻāĻ āĻ
āϧāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āϰāĻā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻžā§āĻŋāϤā§āĻŦ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻŽāĻžāύā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻā§āϰ? āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āύāĻž āĻāĻžāύā§āύ, āϤāĻŦā§ āĻāϏā§āύ āĻā§āύ⧠āύā§āĻ āϝā§, āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻžāύāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰ⧠āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋāĻā§ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞā§āĻā§āĻ āĻāϰ⧠āĻāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻŽāĻžāύā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻā§ āϰāĻŋāĻ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻāĻžā§ā§āϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āύ;
āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨāĻāĻŖ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻāĻžā§ā§āϰā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦāĻļāϰā§āϤ? (Condition Precedent):
āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻžāύāĻā§ āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āϝāϤāĻžāĻŽā§āϞāĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāĻŖ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻāĻāύ, ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Š āĻāϰ ⧧⧍(ā§§), ⧧⧍(⧍) āĻ ā§§ā§¨(ā§Š) āϧāĻžāϰāĻžā§ āĻŦāϰā§āĻŖāĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻ
āύā§āϏāϰāĻŖāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦāĻ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨāĻāĻŖ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻāĻžā§ā§āϰ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻžāύ āĻŦāύā§āϧāĻā§ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰ⧠āύāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰā§āϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāĻŖ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§āϧ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻĻ āϏāĻŽāύā§āĻŦā§ āύāĻž āĻāϰā§, āĻ
āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰā§ā§āϰ āĻā§āώā§āĻāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦā§āϝāϰā§āĻĨ āύāĻž āĻšā§ā§, āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāĻŖ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ⧠āĻā§āύ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻāĻžā§ā§āϰ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦā§ āύāĻžāĨ¤
⧧⧍ āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāϰ ā§§ āĻ ā§¨ āĻāĻĒāϧāĻžāϰāĻžā§ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšā§ā§āĻā§ āϝā§;
⧧⧍(ā§§) āĻāĻĒ-āϧāĻžāϰāĻž (⧍) āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ āϏāĻžāĻĒā§āĻā§āώā§, āĻā§āύ āĻāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻžāύ, āĻāĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻāϞ āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋā§āύā§āϤā§āϰāĻŖā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻā§āύ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āϝāĻžāĻšāĻž āĻĒāĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāύā§āϧāĻ (Lien or pledge) āϰāĻžāĻāĻŋā§āĻž āĻāĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāĻā§āĻžāĻā§, āĻāĻŦāĻ āϝāĻžāĻšāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰ⧠āĻāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻāĻāύāĻāϤ āĻ
āϧāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āϰāĻšāĻŋā§āĻžāĻā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĒāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāĻā§āĻžāĻā§, āĻāĻšāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰ⧠āύāĻž āĻāϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰā§āϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāĻŖ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§āϧ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻĻ āϏāĻŽāύā§āĻŦā§ āύāĻž āĻāϰāĻŋā§āĻž, āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāĻŖ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ⧠āĻā§āύ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻāĻžā§ā§āϰ āĻāϰāĻŋāĻŦā§ āύāĻžā§ˇ
(⧍) āĻāĻĒ-āϧāĻžāϰāĻž (ā§§) āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ āϏāϤā§āϤā§āĻŦā§āĻ, āĻā§āύ āĻāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻžāύ āύāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāĻāϞ āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋā§āύā§āϤā§āϰāĻŖā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻž āĻĒāĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāύā§āϧāĻā§ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰ⧠āύāĻž āĻāϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻĻāĻžā§ā§āϰ āĻāϰāĻŋāϞ⧠āĻ
āύāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§ āĻāĻā§āϤ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦ-āĻŦāϰā§āĻŖāĻŋāϤ āĻŽāϤ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰ⧠āĻāϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰā§āϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻāĻŖā§āϰ āϏāĻšāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻŽāύā§āĻŦā§ āĻāϰāĻŋāĻŦā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤāĻā§ āϞāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϤāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ
āĻŦāĻšāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰāĻŋāĻŦā§ā§ˇ
āĻŽā§āĻ āĻāĻžāĻŽāϰā§āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻžāύ
āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻā§āĻā§āĻ, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžāĻĻā§āĻļ āϏā§āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽ āĻā§
561A
āĻā§ā§ā§āύā§āĻĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāϰāĻŋ...
āĻāĻžāϰā§āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻāĻŦā§āĻĻāύ...
đ¨ââī¸āĻāĻ āĻ āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§āϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻāĻĨā§āĻĒāĻāĻĨāύā§āϰ āĻāϰāĻ ā§¨ā§Ļā§ĻāĻāĻŋ āύāϤā§āύ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ
Prepared by Samir Kumar Bardhan
đš 1â10
1. Judge: Counsel, are you ready to address the court?
đ āĻāĻžāĻāύā§āϏā§āϞ, āĻāϰ āĻāĻ āϰā§āĻĄāĻŋ āĻā§ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄā§āϰā§āϏ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ?
đ āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§, āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ⧠āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāϏā§āϤā§āϤ?
2. Lawyer: Yes, Your Honor, I am ready.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰ, āĻāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻŽ āϰā§āĻĄāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻ, āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϏā§āϤā§āϤāĨ¤
3. Judge: Please summarize your client's position.
đ āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻāϏ āĻĒāĻāĻŋāĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞā§āϰ āĻ
āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āϏāĻāĻā§āώā§āĻĒā§ āĻŦāϞā§āύāĨ¤
4. Lawyer: My client strongly denies the allegation.
đ āĻŽāĻžāĻ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āϏā§āĻā§āϰāĻāϞāĻŋ āĻĄāĻŋāύāĻžāĻāĻ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻā§āĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞ āĻ
āĻāĻŋāϝā§āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻĸāĻŧāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ
āϏā§āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻā§āύāĨ¤
5. Judge: On what basis do you make that submission?
đ āĻ
āύ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻŦā§āϏāĻŋāϏ āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āĻŽā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻā§āύ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻā§āύ?
6. Lawyer: We rely on the facts and the evidence.
đ āĻāĻ āϰāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻ āĻ
āύ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻāϏ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻĄ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻāύāĻž āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻāϰ āĻāϰāĻāĻŋāĨ¤
7. Judge: Please take me through the relevant facts.
đ āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻ āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĨā§āϰ⧠āĻĻā§āϝ āϰā§āϞā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻĢā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻāϏāĨ¤
đ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻāύāĻžāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰā§āύāĨ¤
8. Lawyer: I will explain the facts in chronological order.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāϞ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒā§āϞā§āĻāύ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻāϏ āĻāύ āĻā§āϰā§āύā§āϞāĻāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻžāϞ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĄāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻāύāĻžāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻžāϞāĻžāύā§āĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰāĻŦāĨ¤
9. Judge: Start with the first important event.
đ āϏā§āĻāĻžāϰā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻĨ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžāϰā§āϏā§āĻ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻāĻā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻāĻāύāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻāϰā§āύāĨ¤
10. Lawyer: The first event occurred in January.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžāϰā§āϏā§āĻ āĻāĻā§āύā§āĻ āĻ
āĻāϰā§āĻĄ āĻāύ āĻāĻžāύā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻāĻāύāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻžāύā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧠āĻāĻā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
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đš 11â20
11. Judge: When did the dispute actually begin?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧā§āύ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĄ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϞāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύ?
đ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻāĻŋ āĻāϏāϞ⧠āĻāĻāύ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
12. Lawyer: The dispute began after the agreement was breached.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āύā§āĻ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋ āϞāĻā§āĻāύā§āϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
13. Judge: Who signed the agreement?
đ āĻšā§ āϏāĻžāĻāύā§āĻĄ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āύā§āĻ?
đ āĻā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻā§ āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āώāϰ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ?
14. Lawyer: Both parties signed the agreement.
đ āĻŦā§āĻĨ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻžāĻāύā§āĻĄ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻāϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻā§āώ āĻā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧠āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āώāϰ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
15. Judge: Was the agreement witnessed?
đ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āύā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏā§āĻ?
đ āĻā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤā§āϝāĻā§āώāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
16. Lawyer: Yes, it was witnessed by two persons.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏā§āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻ āĻā§ āĻĒāĻžāϰāϏāύā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϤā§āϝāĻā§āώ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύāĨ¤
17. Judge: Were the terms explained to your client?
đ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāϰā§āĻŽāϏ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒā§āϞā§āĻāύā§āĻĄ āĻā§ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ?
đ āĻļāϰā§āϤāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞāĻā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
18. Lawyer: Yes, the terms were fully explained.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāϰā§āĻŽāϏ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĢā§āϞāϞāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒā§āϞā§āĻāύā§āĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻļāϰā§āϤāĻā§āϞ⧠āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
19. Judge: Did your client understand those terms?
đ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĄ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āĻāύā§āĻĄāĻžāϰāϏā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻĄ āĻĻā§āĻ āĻāĻžāϰā§āĻŽāϏ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ āĻļāϰā§āϤāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻŦā§āĻā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ?
20. Lawyer: Yes, Your Honor, he understood them clearly.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰ, āĻšāĻŋ āĻāύā§āĻĄāĻžāϰāϏā§āĻā§āĻĄ āĻĻā§āĻŽ āĻā§āϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāϞāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻ, āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āϏā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āĻā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύāĨ¤
---
đš 21â30
21. Judge: Was any payment made under the agreement?
đ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāύāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻŽā§āύā§āĻ āĻŽā§āĻĄ āĻāύā§āĻĄāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āύā§āĻ?
đ āĻā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ
āϧā§āύ⧠āĻāĻŋ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
22. Lawyer: Yes, the first payment was made on time.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžāϰā§āϏā§āĻ āĻĒā§āĻŽā§āύā§āĻ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻŽā§āĻĄ āĻ
āύ āĻāĻžāĻāĻŽāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϤ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
23. Judge: Do you have proof of payment?
đ āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻĢ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĒā§āĻŽā§āύā§āĻ?
đ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻā§?
24. Lawyer: Yes, we have the bank records.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻ āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻĄāϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻā§āϰ āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻĄ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
25. Judge: Have those records been submitted?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āĻ āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻĄāϏ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻŽāĻŋāĻā§āĻĄ?
đ āĻāĻ āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻĄāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻŋ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāϞ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§?
26. Lawyer: Yes, they are already part of the case file.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§ āĻāϰ āĻ
āϞāϰā§āĻĄāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϏ āĻĢāĻžāĻāϞāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āϏā§āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāϤāĻŋāĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāϰ āύāĻĨāĻŋāϰ āĻ
āĻāĻļāĨ¤
27. Judge: What does the bank record establish?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻ āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻĄ āĻāϏā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋāĻļ?
đ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻā§āϰ āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻĄ āĻā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻāϰā§?
28. Lawyer: It establishes that the payment was made.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāϏā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāϞāĻŋāĻļā§āϏ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĒā§āĻŽā§āύā§āĻ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻŽā§āĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻāϰ⧠āϝ⧠āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
29. Judge: Is the amount disputed?
đ āĻāĻ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻāύā§āĻ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻā§āĻĄ?
đ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨā§āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧ āĻāĻā§?
30. Lawyer: No, the amount is not disputed.
đ āύā§, āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻāύā§āĻ āĻāĻ āύāĻ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻā§āĻĄāĨ¤
đ āύāĻž, āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨā§āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧ āύā§āĻāĨ¤
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đš 31â40
31. Judge: What happened after the payment?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§āύā§āĻĄ āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĒā§āĻŽā§āύā§āĻ?
đ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻā§ āĻāĻā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
32. Lawyer: The other party failed to perform its obligation.
đ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋ āĻĢā§āĻāϞāĻĄ āĻā§ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻĢāϰā§āĻŽ āĻāĻāϏ āĻ
āĻŦāϞāĻŋāĻā§āĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻ
āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāĻā§āώ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāϤā§āĻŦ āĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻŦā§āϝāϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
33. Judge: Did your client send a notice?
đ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĄ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āϏā§āύā§āĻĄ āĻ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞ āĻāĻŋ āĻā§āύ⧠āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ?
34. Lawyer: Yes, a formal notice was sent.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻ āĻĢāϰāĻŽāĻžāϞ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϏā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāύā§āώā§āĻ āĻžāύāĻŋāĻ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
35. Judge: When was the notice sent?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧā§āύ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏ āϏā§āύā§āĻ?
đ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāύ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
36. Lawyer: It was sent on the tenth of April.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϏā§āύā§āĻ āĻ
āύ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āύā§āĻĨ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻāĻŋ ā§§ā§Ļ āĻāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāϞ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
37. Judge: Was the notice received?
đ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏ āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻāĻĄ?
đ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
38. Lawyer: Yes, we have proof of delivery.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻĢ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĄā§āϞāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻāĻāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
39. Judge: Did the other party reply?
đ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĄ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϞāĻžāĻ?
đ āĻ
āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāĻā§āώ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
40. Lawyer: No, they did not reply to the notice.
đ āύā§, āĻĻā§ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĄ āύāĻ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϞāĻžāĻ āĻā§ āĻĻā§āϝ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏāĨ¤
đ āύāĻž, āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļā§āϰ āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāύāĻŋāĨ¤
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đš 41â50
41. Judge: Counsel, what remedy are you requesting?
đ āĻāĻžāĻāύā§āϏā§āϞ, āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϰā§āĻŽā§āĻĄāĻŋ āĻāϰ āĻāĻ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āϏā§āĻāĻŋāĻ?
đ āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§, āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻā§ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻāĻā§āύ?
42. Lawyer: We are requesting compensation for the loss.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāϰ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āϏā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻĒā§āύāϏā§āĻļāύ āĻĢāϰ āĻĻā§āϝ āϞāϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻā§āώāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻā§āώāϤāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰāĻŖ āĻāĻžāĻāĻāĻŋāĨ¤
43. Judge: How did you calculate the amount?
đ āĻšāĻžāĻ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĄ āĻāĻ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻā§āϞā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻāύā§āĻ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨā§āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ āĻāϰā§āĻā§āύ?
44. Lawyer: The amount is based on the financial records.
đ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻāύā§āĻ āĻāĻ āĻŦā§āĻāϏā§āĻ āĻ
āύ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžāĻāύā§āϝāĻžāύāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϞ āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻĄāϏāĨ¤
đ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨā§āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ āύāĻĨāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧠āύāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
45. Judge: Do you have an expert calculation?
đ āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻā§āϞā§āĻļāύ?
đ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻā§āĻā§āϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻā§?
46. Lawyer: Yes, an independent expert prepared the calculation.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻāύā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻĒā§āύā§āĻĄā§āύā§āĻ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻā§āϞā§āĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻāĻāύ āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻā§āĻ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϏā§āϤā§āϤ āĻāϰā§āĻā§āύāĨ¤
47. Judge: Has the expert been examined?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāύāĻĄ?
đ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻā§āĻāĻā§ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāϏāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§?
48. Lawyer: Not yet, Your Honor.
đ āύāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āĻ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻāύ⧠āύāϝāĻŧ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻāĨ¤
49. Judge: When will the expert be available?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧā§āύ āĻāĻāϞ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻ āĻŦāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻāϞā§āĻŦāϞ?
đ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻŦā§ āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦā§āύ?
50. Lawyer: The expert will be available next month.
đ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻ āĻāĻāϞ āĻŦāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻāϞā§āĻŦāϞ āύā§āĻā§āϏāĻ āĻŽāĻžāύā§āĻĨāĨ¤
đ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻžāĻŽā§ āĻŽāĻžāϏ⧠āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦā§āύāĨ¤
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đš 51â60
51. Judge: Does the witness have personal knowledge of the matter?
đ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āϏā§āύāĻžāϞ āύāϞā§āĻ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻŽā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻžāϰ?
đ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āϰ āĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻāϤ āĻā§āĻāĻžāύ āĻāĻā§?
52. Lawyer: Yes, the witness was present at the time.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻā§āύā§āĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāĻāĻŽāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āϏāĻžāĻā§āώ⧠āĻāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύāĨ¤
53. Judge: How long did the witness remain there?
đ āĻšāĻžāĻ āϞāĻ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĄ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻāύ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ?
đ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻāϤāĻā§āώāĻŖ āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ?
54. Lawyer: The witness remained there for about an hour.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻāύā§āĻĄ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĢāϰ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻž āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύāĨ¤
55. Judge: Could the witness clearly see what happened?
đ āĻā§āĻĄ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ āĻā§āϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāϞāĻŋ āϏāĻŋ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§āύā§āĻĄ?
đ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώ⧠āĻāĻŋ āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻā§ āĻāĻā§āĻāĻŋāϞ āϤāĻž āĻĻā§āĻāϤ⧠āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ?
56. Lawyer: Yes, the view was completely clear.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻāϞāĻŋ āĻā§āϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
57. Judge: Was there sufficient lighting?
đ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĢāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āϞāĻžāĻāĻāĻŋāĻ?
đ āĻĒāϰā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻāϞ⧠āĻāĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŋ?
58. Lawyer: Yes, there was sufficient lighting.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϏāĻžāĻĢāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āϞāĻžāĻāĻāĻŋāĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻĒāϰā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻāϞ⧠āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
59. Judge: Did anyone else witness the incident?
đ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĄ āĻāύāĻŋāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻāϞāϏ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāύāϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻ?
đ āĻāϰ āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāύāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϤā§āϝāĻā§āώ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ?
60. Lawyer: Yes, there were several other witnesses.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻžāϞ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāϰāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻāύ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώ⧠āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύāĨ¤
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đš 61â70
61. Judge: Why have those witnesses not appeared?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏā§āϏ āύāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ?
đ āĻāĻ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āϰāĻž āĻā§āύ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻŋāϰ āĻšāύāύāĻŋ?
62. Lawyer: They were unable to attend for personal reasons.
đ āĻĻā§ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύāĻāĻŦāϞ āĻā§ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āύā§āĻĄ āĻĢāϰ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āϏā§āύāĻžāϞ āϰāĻŋāĻāύā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻāϤ āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖā§ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āύāύāĻŋāĨ¤
63. Judge: Can they appear at the next hearing?
đ āĻā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻĻā§ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āύā§āĻā§āϏāĻ āĻšāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ?
đ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻļā§āύāĻžāύāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻšāĻžāĻāĻŋāϰ āĻšāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦā§āύ?
64. Lawyer: Yes, they should be available then.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§ āĻļā§āĻĄ āĻŦāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻāϞā§āĻŦāϞ āĻĻā§āύāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āϤāĻāύ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĨāĻžāĨ¤
65. Judge: Have summons been issued to them?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āϏāĻžāĻŽāύā§āϏ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āĻāĻļā§āĻĄ āĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻŽ?
đ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻŋ āϏāĻŽāύ āĻāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§?
66. Lawyer: Yes, summons have already been issued.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āϏāĻžāĻŽāύā§āϏ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻ
āϞāϰā§āĻĄāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āĻāĻļā§āĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāϤāĻŋāĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āϏāĻŽāύ āĻāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
67. Judge: Has anyone acknowledged receipt?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāύāĻŋāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻāύāϞā§āĻāĻĄ āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻ?
đ āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋ āϏā§āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϰ āĻāϰā§āĻā§?
68. Lawyer: Yes, we have received confirmation.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻāĻĄ āĻāύāĻĢāĻžāϰā§āĻŽā§āĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻļā§āĻāĻŋāϤāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻĒā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāĨ¤
69. Judge: Then proceed accordingly.
đ āĻĻā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻŋāĻĄ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻāϰā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻāϞāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠āϏ⧠āĻ
āύā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻā§āϰāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āύāĻŋāύāĨ¤
70. Lawyer: Certainly, Your Honor.
đ āϏāĻžāϰā§āĻā§āύāϞāĻŋ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āĻ
āĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻāĨ¤
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đš 71â80
71. Judge: Counsel, do you challenge the credibility of this witness?
đ āĻāĻžāĻāύā§āϏā§āϞ, āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞā§āĻā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻāĻŋāϏ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ?
đ āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§, āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāϏāϝā§āĻā§āϝāϤāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āϤā§āϞāĻā§āύ?
72. Lawyer: Yes, we question the reliability of the testimony.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻļā§āĻāύ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰāĻŋāϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϏā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽāύāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āϝā§āϰ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻāϰāϝā§āĻā§āϝāϤāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āϤā§āϞāĻāĻŋāĨ¤
73. Judge: What is the reason for your concern?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰāĻŋāĻāύ āĻĢāϰ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻāύāϏāĻžāϰā§āύ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĻā§āĻŦā§āĻā§āϰ āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻā§?
74. Lawyer: The witness has given contradictory statements.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāĻŋāĻā§āύ āĻāύāĻā§āϰāĻžāĻĄāĻŋāĻā§āĻāϰāĻŋ āϏā§āĻā§āĻāĻŽā§āύā§āĻāϏāĨ¤
đ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώ⧠āĻĒāϰāϏā§āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧ⧠āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āύāĨ¤
75. Judge: Where is the contradiction?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧā§āϝāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāύāĻā§āϰāĻžāĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻļāύ?
đ āĻĒāϰāϏā§āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻŋāϤāĻž āĻā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ?
76. Lawyer: It appears in the earlier statement.
đ āĻāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āϏ āĻāύ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāϰāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏā§āĻā§āĻāĻŽā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϰ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
77. Judge: Please point out the exact passage.
đ āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āĻĒāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϏā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻ
āĻāĻļāĻāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻāĻžāύāĨ¤
78. Lawyer: It is on page twelve of the statement.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻ āĻ
āύ āĻĒā§āĻ āĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āϞāĻ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āϏā§āĻā§āĻāĻŽā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝā§āϰ ⧧⧍ āύāĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ āĻĒā§āώā§āĻ āĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
79. Judge: I will examine the passage.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāϞ āĻāĻāĻāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāύ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϏā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ
āĻāĻļāĻāĻŋ āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āώāĻž āĻāϰāĻŦāĨ¤
80. Lawyer: Thank you, Your Honor.
đ āĻĨā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻ āĻāĻ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āϧāύā§āϝāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻāĨ¤
---
đš 81â90
81. Judge: Is the witness familiar with the defendant?
đ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ āĻĢā§āϝāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāĻāĻĨ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢā§āύā§āĻĄā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ?
đ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώ⧠āĻāĻŋ āĻāϏāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāĻā§ āĻā§āύā§āύ?
82. Lawyer: Yes, they have known each other for years.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āύā§āύ āĻāĻ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϰ āĻĢāϰ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻŦāĻāϰ āϧāϰ⧠āĻāĻā§ āĻ
āĻĒāϰāĻā§ āĻā§āύā§āύāĨ¤
83. Judge: How did they become acquainted?
đ āĻšāĻžāĻ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĄ āĻĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻā§āĻĄ?
đ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ?
84. Lawyer: They worked together for several years.
đ āĻĻā§ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻĄ āĻā§āĻā§āĻĻāĻžāϰ āĻĢāϰ āϏā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻžāϞ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāϝāĻŧā§āĻ āĻŦāĻāϰ āĻāĻāϏāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύāĨ¤
85. Judge: Does that relationship affect the testimony?
đ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āϰāĻŋāϞā§āĻļāύāĻļāĻŋāĻĒ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĢā§āĻā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϏā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽāύāĻŋ?
đ āĻāĻ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻ āĻāĻŋ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āϝā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ āĻĢā§āϞā§?
86. Lawyer: We believe it may affect the witness's impartiality.
đ āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ āĻŽā§ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĢā§āĻā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏā§āϏ āĻāĻŽāĻĒāĻžāϰāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŽāύ⧠āĻāϰāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āϰ āύāĻŋāϰāĻĒā§āĻā§āώāϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ āĻĢā§āϞāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤
87. Judge: You may address that issue in your argument.
đ āĻāĻ āĻŽā§ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄā§āϰā§āϏ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāϏā§āϝ⧠āĻāύ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻāϰā§āĻā§āĻŽā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϝā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āϤā§āϞ⧠āϧāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āύāĨ¤
88. Lawyer: I will do so, Your Honor.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāϞ āĻĄā§ āϏā§, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āϤāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāĻŦ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻāĨ¤
89. Judge: Move on to your next point.
đ āĻŽā§āĻ āĻ
āύ āĻā§ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āύā§āĻā§āϏāĻ āĻĒāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧā§ āϝāĻžāύāĨ¤
90. Lawyer: My next point concerns the witness's statement.
đ āĻŽāĻžāĻ āύā§āĻā§āϏāĻ āĻĒāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āĻāύāϏāĻžāϰā§āύāϏ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏā§āϏ āϏā§āĻā§āĻāĻŽā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āϰ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤāĨ¤
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đš 91â100
91. Judge: Has the witness changed the testimony?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏ āĻā§āĻā§āĻāĻĄ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϏā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽāύāĻŋ?
đ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώ⧠āĻāĻŋ āϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āϝ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāύ āĻāϰā§āĻā§āύ?
92. Lawyer: Yes, there are significant changes.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ āϏāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻĢāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻā§āĻā§āĻā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻāϝā§āĻā§āϝ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāύ āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
93. Judge: Can you identify those changes?
đ āĻā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāĻĄā§āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āĻ āĻā§āĻā§āĻā§āϏ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāύāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻļāύāĻžāĻā§āϤ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āύ?
94. Lawyer: Yes, I can identify three major differences.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻāĻāĻĄā§āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāĻ āĻĨā§āϰāĻŋ āĻŽā§āĻāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύā§āϏā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āϤāĻŋāύāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻĨāĻā§āϝ āĻĻā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĨ¤
95. Judge: Please explain the first difference.
đ āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒā§āϞā§āĻāύ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžāϰā§āϏā§āĻ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻĨāĻā§āϝāĻāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰā§āύāĨ¤
96. Lawyer: The first statement gives a different date.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžāϰā§āϏā§āĻ āϏā§āĻā§āĻāĻŽā§āύā§āĻ āĻāĻŋāĻāϏ āĻ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύā§āĻ āĻĄā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ⧠āĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
97. Judge: What about the second difference?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āϏā§āĻā§āύā§āĻĄ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύā§āϏ?
đ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻĨāĻā§āϝ āĻā§?
98. Lawyer: The second statement changes the description of the event.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āϏā§āĻā§āύā§āĻĄ āϏā§āĻā§āĻāĻŽā§āύā§āĻ āĻā§āĻā§āĻā§āϏ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻĒāĻļāύ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ⧠āĻāĻāύāĻžāϰ āĻŦāϰā§āĻŖāύāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
99. Judge: And the third difference?
đ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻĄ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĨāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύā§āϏ?
đ āĻāϰ āϤā§āϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻĨāĻā§āϝ?
100. Lawyer: The third difference concerns the identity of the person involved.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĨāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύā§āϏ āĻāύāϏāĻžāϰā§āύāϏ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻĄā§āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĒāĻžāϰāϏāύ āĻāύāĻāϞāĻāĻĄāĨ¤
đ āϤā§āϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻĨāĻā§āϝāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤāĨ¤
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đš 101â110
101. Judge: Counsel, do you have anything to say about this contradiction?
đ āĻāĻžāĻāύā§āϏā§āϞ, āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāύāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāĻ āĻā§ āϏ⧠āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϏ āĻāύāĻā§āϰāĻžāĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻļāύ?
đ āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§, āĻāĻ āĻĒāϰāϏā§āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧ⧠āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻŦāϞāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§?
102. Lawyer: Yes, Your Honor. It is important to the case.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰāĨ¤ āĻāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻā§ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻāĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖāĨ¤
103. Judge: Explain why it is important.
đ āĻāĻā§āϏāĻĒā§āϞā§āĻāύ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻā§āύ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āϤāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰā§āύāĨ¤
104. Lawyer: It affects the reliability of the witness.
đ āĻāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĢā§āĻā§āĻāϏ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰāĻŋāϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻžāĻā§āώā§āϰ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻāϰāϝā§āĻā§āϝāϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ āĻĢā§āϞā§āĨ¤
105. Judge: Does the other side dispute this?
đ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻāĻĄ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϏ?
đ āĻ
āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāĻā§āώ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ
āϏā§āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻā§?
106. Lawyer: Yes, they strongly dispute our position.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§ āϏā§āĻā§āϰāĻāϞāĻŋ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻ āĻāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻāĻŋāĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻ
āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύā§āϰ āϤā§āĻŦā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻŋāϤāĻž āĻāϰāĻā§āĨ¤
107. Judge: What is your response to their position?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āϰā§āϏāĻĒāύā§āϏ āĻā§ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻāĻŋāĻļāύ?
đ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻ
āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ āĻā§?
108. Lawyer: Their position is not supported by the record.
đ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻāĻ āύāĻ āϏāĻžāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻā§āĻĄ āĻŦāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻĄāĨ¤
đ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻ
āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āύāĻĨāĻŋāĻĒāϤā§āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
109. Judge: Please show me where the record supports your argument.
đ āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āĻļā§ āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧā§āϝāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻĄ āϏāĻžāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻāϏ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻāϰā§āĻā§āĻŽā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āύāĻĨāĻŋāϰ āĻā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϝā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāύ āĻāĻā§ āϤāĻž āĻĻā§āĻāĻžāύāĨ¤
110. Lawyer: I will refer to the relevant pages.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāϞ āϰā§āĻĢāĻžāϰ āĻā§ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰā§āϞā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻĒā§āĻā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āώā§āĻ āĻžāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĨ¤
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đš 111â120
111. Judge: Have you received the opposing counsel's submission?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻāĻĄ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ
āĻĒā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāĻāύā§āϏā§āϞāϏ āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧ⧠āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§āϰ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āύ?
112. Lawyer: Yes, we received it yesterday.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻāĻĄ āĻāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻĄā§āĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāϤāĻāĻžāϞ āĻĒā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāĨ¤
113. Judge: Have you had enough time to respond?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻĄ āĻāύāĻžāĻĢ āĻāĻžāĻāĻŽ āĻā§ āϰā§āϏāĻĒāύā§āĻĄ?
đ āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āϝāĻĨā§āώā§āĻ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āύ?
114. Lawyer: We need a little more time.
đ āĻāĻ āύāĻŋāĻĄ āĻ āϞāĻŋāĻāϞ āĻŽā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻāĻŽāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻāĻā§ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĻāϰāĻāĻžāϰāĨ¤
115. Judge: How much additional time do you need?
đ āĻšāĻžāĻ āĻŽāĻžāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻŋāĻļāύāĻžāϞ āĻāĻžāĻāĻŽ āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āύāĻŋāĻĄ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻ āĻāϤ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĻāϰāĻāĻžāϰ?
116. Lawyer: We need three working days.
đ āĻāĻ āύāĻŋāĻĄ āĻĨā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻĄā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāϏ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĻāϰāĻāĻžāϰāĨ¤
117. Judge: Why do you need additional time?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āύāĻŋāĻĄ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻŋāĻļāύāĻžāϞ āĻāĻžāĻāĻŽ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ
āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻā§āϤ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻā§āύ āĻĻāϰāĻāĻžāϰ?
118. Lawyer: We need to obtain instructions from our client.
đ āĻāĻ āύāĻŋāĻĄ āĻā§ āĻ
āĻŦāĻā§āĻāύ āĻāύāϏā§āĻā§āϰāĻžāĻāĻļāύāϏ āĻĢā§āϰāĻŽ āĻāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻž āύāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
119. Judge: Your request is reasonable.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āϏā§āĻ āĻāĻ āϰāĻŋāĻāύā§āĻŦāϞāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦā§āĻĻāύ āϝā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϏāĻā§āĻāϤāĨ¤
120. Lawyer: Thank you for granting the time.
đ āĻĨā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻ āĻāĻ āĻĢāϰ āĻā§āϰā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāĻāĻŽāĨ¤
đ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āϧāύā§āϝāĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĨ¤
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đš 121â130
121. Judge: Counsel, is your client present in court?
đ āĻāĻžāĻāύā§āϏā§āϞ, āĻāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻā§āύā§āĻ āĻāύ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ?
đ āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§, āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ⧠āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻā§āύ?
122. Lawyer: Yes, my client is present in the courtroom.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻŽāĻžāĻ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āĻāĻ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻā§āύā§āĻ āĻāύ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻāϰā§āĻŽāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ⧠āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻā§āύāĨ¤
123. Judge: Please ask your client to remain present.
đ āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āĻāϏā§āĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āĻā§ āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻāύ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞāĻā§ āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϤ⧠āĻŦāϞā§āύāĨ¤
124. Lawyer: I will inform my client.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāϞ āĻāύāĻĢāϰā§āĻŽ āĻŽāĻžāĻ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞāĻā§ āĻāĻžāύāĻžāĻŦāĨ¤
125. Judge: Has your client complied with the previous order?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āύā§āĻ āĻāĻŽāĻĒā§āϞāĻžāĻāĻĄ āĻāĻāĻĨ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϏ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĄāĻžāϰ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϞ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āϰ āĻāĻĻā§āĻļ āĻŽā§āύ⧠āĻāϞā§āĻā§āύ?
126. Lawyer: Yes, all the directions have been followed.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻ
āϞ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĄāĻžāĻāϰā§āĻāĻļāύā§āϏ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āĻĢāϞā§āĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āϏāĻŦ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻž āĻ
āύā§āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
127. Judge: Is there any pending requirement?
đ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύāĻŋ āĻĒā§āύā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āύā§āĻ?
đ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻā§ āĻāĻŋ?
128. Lawyer: Only one document remains to be filed.
đ āĻāύāϞāĻŋ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻĄāĻā§āĻŽā§āύā§āĻ āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻāύāϏ āĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋ āĻĢāĻžāĻāϞāĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻļā§āϧ⧠āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āύāĻĨāĻŋ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāϞ āĻāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
129. Judge: When will you file it?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧā§āύ āĻāĻāϞ āĻāĻ āĻĢāĻžāĻāϞ āĻāĻ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŦā§ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāϞ āĻāϰāĻŦā§āύ?
130. Lawyer: We will file it within two days.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāϞ āĻĢāĻžāĻāϞ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻā§ āĻĄā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻĻā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāύā§āϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāϞ āĻāϰāĻŦ
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đš 131â140
131. Judge: Has the court fee been paid?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻĢāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āĻĒā§āĻāĻĄ?
đ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤā§āϰ āĻĢāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§āϧ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§?
132. Lawyer: Yes, the required fee has been paid.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ āĻĢāĻŋ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āĻĒā§āĻāĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĢāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§āϧ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
133. Judge: Is the filing complete?
đ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžāĻāϞāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻ?
đ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāϞā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ?
134. Lawyer: Yes, the filing is complete.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžāĻāϞāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāϞā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖāĨ¤
135. Judge: Have all required parties been notified?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻ
āϞ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāĻāĻĄ?
đ āϏāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻā§āώāĻā§ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻžāύāĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§?
136. Lawyer: Yes, all parties have been notified.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻ
āϞ āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāĻāĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āϏāĻŦ āĻĒāĻā§āώāĻā§ āĻāĻžāύāĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
137. Judge: Is there any procedural objection?
đ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻāϰāĻžāϞ āĻ
āĻŦāĻā§āĻāĻļāύ?
đ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻāϤ āĻāĻĒāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāĻā§ āĻāĻŋ?
138. Lawyer: No, we have no procedural objection.
đ āύā§, āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āύ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻāϰāĻžāϞ āĻ
āĻŦāĻā§āĻāĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āύāĻž, āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻāϤ āĻāĻĒāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āύā§āĻāĨ¤
139. Judge: Then the matter may proceed.
đ āĻĻā§āύ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻŽā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻŋāĻĄāĨ¤
đ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āύā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āϝā§āϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤
140. Lawyer: Much obliged, Your Honor.
đ āĻŽāĻžāĻ āĻ
āĻŦāϞāĻžāĻāĻāĻĄ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āĻ
āύā§āĻ āϧāύā§āϝāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻāĨ¤
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đš 141â150
141. Judge: What is the legal question before the court?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āϞāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻžāϞ āĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻļā§āĻāύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĢā§āϰ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ?
đ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāύ⧠āĻāĻāύāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāĻāĻŋ āĻā§?
142. Lawyer: The legal question concerns the interpretation of the contract.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āϞāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻžāϞ āĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻļā§āĻāύ āĻāύāϏāĻžāϰā§āύāϏ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāύā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āĻļāύ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāύāĻā§āϰā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻāύāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤāĨ¤
143. Judge: How do you interpret this clause?
đ āĻšāĻžāĻ āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āĻāύā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāϏ āĻā§āϞāĻ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻ āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰā§āύ?
144. Lawyer: We interpret the clause according to its ordinary meaning.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāύā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϞāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻāϰā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻā§ āĻāĻāϏ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĄāĻŋāύāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ
āϰā§āĻĨ āĻ
āύā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰāĻŋāĨ¤
145. Judge: Does the wording support that interpretation?
đ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻžāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāύā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āĻļāύ?
đ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻāϝāĻŧāύ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§ āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāύ āĻāϰā§?
146. Lawyer: Yes, the wording clearly supports our interpretation.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāϞāĻŋ āϏāĻžāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻāϏ āĻāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻāϝāĻŧāύ āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§ āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāύ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
147. Judge: What is the opposing interpretation?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ
āĻĒā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻāύā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āĻļāύ?
đ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧ⧠āĻĒāĻā§āώā§āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻā§?
148. Lawyer: They interpret the clause more narrowly.
đ āĻĻā§ āĻāύā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϞāĻ āĻŽā§āϰ āύā§āϝāĻžāϰā§āϞāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāϰāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āϰā§āĻŖāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
149. Judge: Why should the court prefer your interpretation?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻļā§āĻĄ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϰ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻāύā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āĻļāύ?
đ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻā§āύ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§ āĻā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻŦā§?
150. Lawyer: Because it is consistent with the entire agreement.
đ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāύāϏāĻŋāϏā§āĻā§āύā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻĨ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāύāĻāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰ⧠āĻā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻā§āĻāϏā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ
---
đš 151â160
151. Judge: Is there any ambiguity in the wording?
đ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻŽāĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāύ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ?
đ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻāϝāĻŧāύ⧠āĻāĻŋ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻ
āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻāϤāĻž āĻāĻā§?
152. Lawyer: We submit that the wording is clear.
đ āĻāĻ āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻŽāĻŋāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ āĻā§āϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŦāϞāĻāĻŋ āϝ⧠āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻāϝāĻŧāύ āϏā§āĻĒāώā§āĻāĨ¤
153. Judge: What if the court disagrees with you?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻĢ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻāĻĨ āĻāĻ?
đ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻŽāϤ āύāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞā§?
154. Lawyer: In that event, we request an alternative remedy.
đ āĻāύ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāĻā§āύā§āĻ, āĻāĻ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āϏā§āĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻ
āϞāĻāĻžāϰāύā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āϰā§āĻŽā§āĻĄāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āϏā§āĻā§āώā§āϤā§āϰ⧠āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻāϞā§āĻĒ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻāĻāĻŋāĨ¤
155. Judge: What alternative remedy do you propose?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻ
āϞāĻāĻžāϰāύā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āϰā§āĻŽā§āĻĄāĻŋ āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻĒā§āĻ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāϞā§āĻĒ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϏā§āϤāĻžāĻŦ āĻāϰāĻā§āύ?
156. Lawyer: We request reasonable compensation instead.
đ āĻāĻ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āϏā§āĻ āϰāĻŋāĻāύā§āĻŦāϞ āĻāĻŽāĻĒā§āύāϏā§āĻļāύ āĻāύāϏā§āĻā§āĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āϝā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϏāĻā§āĻāϤ āĻā§āώāϤāĻŋāĻĒā§āϰāĻŖ āĻāĻžāĻāĻāĻŋāĨ¤
157. Judge: Is that request supported by law?
đ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āϏā§āĻ āϏāĻžāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻā§āĻĄ āĻŦāĻžāĻ āϞ?
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŦā§āĻĻāύ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ?
158. Lawyer: Yes, it is supported by the applicable law.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻāĻ āϏāĻžāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻā§āĻĄ āĻŦāĻžāĻ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻā§āĻŦāϞ āϞāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϝā§āĻā§āϝ āĻāĻāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĨ¤
159. Judge: Please cite the relevant provision.
đ āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻžāĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰā§āϞā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻŋāĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻ āĻāϰā§āύāĨ¤
160. Lawyer: I will cite the relevant provision shortly.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāϞ āϏāĻžāĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰā§āϞā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻļāϰā§āĻāϞāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻāĻāĻŋāϰāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻ āĻāϰāĻāĻŋāĨ¤
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đš 161â170
161. Judge: Counsel, can you assist the court on this issue?
đ āĻāĻžāĻāύā§āϏā§āϞ, āĻā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāϏāĻŋāϏā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻ
āύ āĻĻāĻŋāϏ āĻāϏā§āϝā§?
đ āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§, āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤāĻā§ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āύ?
162. Lawyer: Certainly, Your Honor.
đ āϏāĻžāϰā§āĻā§āύāϞāĻŋ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āĻ
āĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻāĨ¤
163. Judge: What is your understanding of the provision?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻāύā§āĻĄāĻžāϰāϏā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻŋāĻļāύ?
đ āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻā§?
164. Lawyer: Our understanding is that the provision applies here.
đ āĻāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āĻĄāĻžāϰāϏā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§āϞāĻžāĻāĻ āĻšāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻšāϞā§, āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϝā§āĻā§āϝāĨ¤
165. Judge: Is there any authority to support that view?
đ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύāĻŋ āĻ
āĻĨāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻā§ āϏāĻžāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāĻŋāĻ?
đ āĻāĻ āĻŽāϤā§āϰ āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāύ⧠āĻā§āύ⧠āĻāĻāύāĻŋ āύāĻāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻāĻŋ?
166. Lawyer: Yes, there are several relevant decisions.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ āϏā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻžāϞ āϰā§āϞā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻļāύāϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
167. Judge: Which decision is most relevant?
đ āĻšā§āĻāĻ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻāĻ āĻŽā§āϏā§āĻ āϰā§āϞā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ?
đ āĻā§āύ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻŦāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ?
168. Lawyer: The decision from the higher court is most relevant.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻĢā§āϰāĻŽ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻāĻ āĻŽā§āϏā§āĻ āϰā§āϞā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤā§āϰ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻŦāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻāĨ¤
169. Judge: Does that decision have binding effect?
đ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻļāύ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻāύā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻĢā§āĻā§āĻ?
đ āĻāĻ āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āϝāϤāĻžāĻŽā§āϞāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§?
170. Lawyer: Yes, it is binding on this court.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻāύā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ āĻ
āύ āĻĻāĻŋāϏ āĻā§āϰā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤā§āϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āϝāϤāĻžāĻŽā§āϞāĻāĨ¤
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đš 171â180
171. Judge: Are you relying on any additional authority?
đ āĻāϰ āĻāĻ āϰāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻāĻ āĻ
āύ āĻāύāĻŋ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻŋāĻļāύāĻžāϞ āĻ
āĻĨāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻ
āύā§āϝ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻāĻāύāĻŋ āύāĻāĻŋāϰā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻāϰ āĻāϰāĻā§āύ?
172. Lawyer: Yes, I have two additional authorities.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻā§ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄāĻŋāĻļāύāĻžāϞ āĻ
āĻĨāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻāϰāĻ āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāύāĻŋ āύāĻāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
173. Judge: Please provide copies to the court.
đ āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻāĻžāĻāĻĄ āĻāĻĒāĻŋāĻ āĻā§ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤāĻā§ āĻāĻĒāĻŋāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻĻāĻŋāύāĨ¤
174. Lawyer: Copies have been prepared for the court.
đ āĻāĻĒāĻŋāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ āĻĢāϰ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤā§āϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻāĻĒāĻŋāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϏā§āϤā§āϤ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
175. Judge: Has the opposing counsel seen these authorities?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ
āĻĒā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāĻāύā§āϏā§āϞ āϏāĻŋāύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ āĻ
āĻĨāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ?
đ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āϧ⧠āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§ āĻāĻŋ āĻāϏāĻŦ āύāĻāĻŋāϰ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻā§āύ?
176. Lawyer: Yes, copies have been provided to them.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻĒāĻŋāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāύ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻāĻžāĻāĻĄā§āĻĄ āĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻŽāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
177. Judge: Very well. Continue your submissions.
đ āĻā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϞāĨ¤ āĻāύā§āĻāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύāϏāĨ¤
đ āĻ āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āϝāĻžāύāĨ¤
178. Lawyer: I will now address the second issue.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāϞ āύāĻžāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄā§āϰā§āϏ āĻĻā§āϝ āϏā§āĻā§āύā§āĻĄ āĻāϏā§āϝā§āĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāϞā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻŦāĨ¤
179. Judge: What is the second issue?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āϏā§āĻā§āύā§āĻĄ āĻāϏā§āϝā§?
đ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āĻā§?
180. Lawyer: The second issue concerns the validity of the notice.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āϏā§āĻā§āύā§āĻĄ āĻāϏā§āϝ⧠āĻāύāϏāĻžāϰā§āύāϏ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻ
āĻŦ āĻĻā§āϝ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏāĨ¤
đ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļā§āϰ āĻŦā§āϧāϤāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤāĨ¤
---
đš 181â190
181. Judge: Was the notice served within the required period?
đ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏ āϏāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻĄ āĻāĻāĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ āĻĒāĻŋāϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻĄ?
đ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
182. Lawyer: Yes, it was served within the required period.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϏāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻĄ āĻāĻāĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ āĻĒāĻŋāϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
183. Judge: Can you prove the date of service?
đ āĻā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻāĻ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĄā§āĻ āĻ
āĻŦ āϏāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϏ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āύ?
184. Lawyer: Yes, the delivery receipt proves the date.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĄā§āϞāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻŋ āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻāϏ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻĄā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻĄā§āϞāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻŋ āϰāϏāĻŋāĻĻ āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
185. Judge: Was the notice addressed correctly?
đ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄā§āϰā§āϏā§āĻ āĻāĻžāϰā§āĻā§āĻāϞāĻŋ?
đ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ āĻ āĻŋāĻāĻžāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ?
186. Lawyer: Yes, it was sent to the correct address.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϏā§āύā§āĻ āĻā§ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāϰā§āĻā§āĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄā§āϰā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ āĻ āĻŋāĻāĻžāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
187. Judge: Was there any response to the notice?
đ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύāĻŋ āϰā§āϏāĻĒāύā§āϏ āĻā§ āĻĻā§āϝ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏ?
đ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļā§āϰ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŋ?
188. Lawyer: No response was received.
đ āύ⧠āϰā§āϏāĻĒāύā§āϏ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻāĻĄāĨ¤
đ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžāĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋāĨ¤
189. Judge: What conclusion do you draw from that?
đ āĻšā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāύāĻā§āϞā§āĻļāύ āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āĻĄā§āϰ āĻĢā§āϰāĻŽ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻā§ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāύā§āϤ⧠āĻĒā§āĻāĻāĻžāύ?
190. Lawyer: It shows that the notice was not disputed at the time.
đ āĻāĻ āĻļā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āύā§āĻāĻŋāϏ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āύāĻ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻā§āĻĄ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāĻāĻŽāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧠āϤāĻāύ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļāĻāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻāĻĒāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋāĨ¤
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đš 191â200
191. Judge: Counsel, have you completed your submissions?
đ āĻāĻžāĻāύā§āϏā§āϞ, āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻā§āĻĄ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύāϏ?
đ āĻāĻāύāĻā§āĻŦā§, āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻāĻŋ āĻļā§āώ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§?
192. Lawyer: Yes, Your Honor, I have completed my submissions.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ
āύāĻžāϰ, āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻā§āĻĄ āĻŽāĻžāĻ āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύāϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻŽāĻžāύāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻ, āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻļā§āώ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
193. Judge: Is there anything important you have not mentioned?
đ āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāύāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āύāĻ āĻŽā§āύāĻļāύāĻĄ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻ āĻāϰā§āύāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻā§ āĻāĻŋ?
194. Lawyer: No, I have addressed all the important issues.
đ āύā§, āĻāĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄā§āϰā§āϏā§āĻ āĻ
āϞ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻāϏā§āϝā§āĻāĨ¤
đ āύāĻž, āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āϏāĻŦ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ āĻāϞā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāĨ¤
195. Judge: Do you wish to make a final request?
đ āĻĄā§ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāĻļ āĻā§ āĻŽā§āĻ āĻ āĻĢāĻžāĻāύāĻžāϞ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āϏā§āĻ?
đ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύā§āϤ āĻāĻŦā§āĻĻāύ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻāĻžāύ?
196. Lawyer: Yes, I request the court to grant the relief sought.
đ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϏ, āĻāĻ āϰāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āϏā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻā§ āĻā§āϰā§āϝāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āϰāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻĢ āϏāĻāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻā§āĻā§āϰ āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦā§āĻĻāύ āĻāϰāĻāĻŋāĨ¤
197. Judge: The court has heard your submission.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻšāĻžāϰā§āĻĄ āĻāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻŽāĻŋāĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻļā§āύā§āĻā§āĨ¤
198. Lawyer: We are grateful for the court's patience.
đ āĻāĻ āĻāϰ āĻā§āϰā§āĻāĻĢā§āϞ āĻĢāϰ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻāϏ āĻĒā§āĻļā§āύā§āϏāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤā§āϰ āϧā§āϰā§āϝā§āϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻā§āϤāĻā§āĻāĨ¤
199. Judge: The court will consider the matter carefully.
đ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻāĻāϞ āĻāύāϏāĻŋāĻĄāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻŽā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻžāϰ āĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰāĻĢā§āϞāĻŋāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāĻāĻŋ āϏāϤāϰā§āĻāϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻŦā§āĨ¤
200. Lawyer: We await the court's decision.
đ āĻāĻ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāĻāϝāĻŧā§āĻ āĻĻā§āϝ āĻā§āϰā§āĻāϏ āĻĄāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻļāύāĨ¤
đ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤā§āϰ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāύā§āϤā§āϰ āĻ
āĻĒā§āĻā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻāĻŋāĨ¤
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đ Practice Tip:
āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύ ā§§ā§ĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ JudgeâLawyer Role Play āĻāϰā§āύāĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻāύ Judge āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻāĻāύ Lawyer-āĻāϰ āĻā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻ
āύā§āĻļā§āϞāύ āĻāϰāϞ⧠Legal English Speaking āĻ Courtroom English-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻā§āώāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŦā§āĨ¤
â ī¸ āύā§āĻ: āĻāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋ āĻļā§āĻāĻž āĻ āĻāĻĨā§āĻĒāĻāĻĨāύ āĻ
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Credit: âī¸ Samir Kumar Bardhan
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āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ ā§§ā§Šā§Ž āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāϰ notice āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻāϞā§āĻĒ āĻŦāϞ⧠āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ legal chain āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰā§âāĻā§ liability āĻāĻŋāϞ, āϏā§āĻ liability-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰā§āϤ⧠cheque āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž āĻšā§ā§āĻāĻŋāϞ, cheque āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ā§āĻāĻŋāϞ, cheque dishonour āĻšā§ā§āĻā§, statutory demand āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āύāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻŽā§ā§āϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠payment āύāĻž āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻāύā§āϰ āĻ
āϧā§āύ⧠āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻž āύā§āĻā§āĻž āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
āϤāĻŦā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāώ⧠āĻŽāύ⧠āϰāĻžāĻāĻž āĻĻāϰāĻāĻžāϰâāĻāĻžāϞ⧠Legal Notice āĻŽāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻāĻ āĻŋāύ āĻāĻžāώāĻžāϰ Notice āύā§āĨ¤ āĻŦāϰāĻ āĻāĻžāϞ⧠notice āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ notice āϝā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰā§ā§āĻāύā§ā§ fact āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻā§, chronology āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻžāϰ, amount āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻā§āϞ, statutory requirement āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ addressed āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŦāĻŋāώā§āϝ⧠Trial-āĻāϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ factual consistency āĻŦāĻāĻžā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
āĻļā§āώ āĻĒāϰā§āϝāύā§āϤ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ cheque dishonour case āĻļā§āϧ⧠āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ cheque āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ bank return memo-āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻž āύā§āĨ¤ āĻāϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ transaction, legally enforceable liability, cheque, presentation, dishonour, statutory notice, service āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠evidenceâāϏāĻŦāĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ coherent chain āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
āϤāĻžāĻ ā§§ā§Šā§Ž āϧāĻžāϰāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžā§ Legal Notice-āĻā§ āĻāĻāύā§āĻ âāĻāĻāĻāĻž formal letterâ āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻĻā§āĻāĻŦā§āύ āύāĻžāĨ¤
āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ poorly drafted notice āĻļā§āϧ⧠āĻāĻžāĻāĻž āĻāĻĻāĻžā§ā§āϰ āϏā§āϝā§āĻ āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰ⧠āύāĻž; āĻŦāϰāĻ āĻāĻŦāĻŋāώā§āϝ⧠āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžā§ unnecessary vulnerability-āĻ āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ carefully drafted notice āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻĨā§āĻā§āĻ āĻŽāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāϰ factual position-āĻā§ disciplined āĻāĻŦāĻ legally sustainable āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻāĻāύ litigant-āĻāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āϏāĻŦāĻā§ā§ā§ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻšāĻā§āĻž āĻāĻāĻŋāϤâ
âāύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļāĻāĻŋ āĻļā§āϧ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧠āĻšā§ā§āĻā§, āύāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻŋāώā§āϝ⧠Trial-āĻāϰ āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻžā§ āϰā§āĻā§ āĻĒā§āϰāϏā§āϤā§āϤ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ā§āĻā§?â
āύāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āϞā§āĻāĻž āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻāĻžāϞ āύā§āĻāĻŋāĻļ āĻāϰ āύāĻŽā§āύāĻž āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž āĻšāϞā§, āĻā§āĻĒāύā§ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āĻĨā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāύāĻĢāϰāĻŽā§āĻļāύ āĻāĻžāϞā§āĻĒāύāĻŋāĻ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž āĻšāϞā§āĨ¤
Credit: Advocate Nayem Hasan Ovi
25 Islambagh, Posta, Chawkbazar
Dhaka
1211
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