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14/06/2026

"Police Brutality" Asked in the 2022 Bar Examination

To aspiring lawyers,

Police brutality and abuse of authority are not just legal concepts discussed in classrooms—they are real issues that affect lives and test the limits of government power. While law enforcement officers are entrusted with maintaining peace and order, their actions must always comply with the law and respect constitutional rights.

This important issue appeared in the 2022 Bar Examination, where examinees were asked to analyze the criminal liability of a police officer whose actions led to the death of a civilian. Understanding both the powers and limitations of law enforcement is essential for every future lawyer.

Read the actual Bar Examination question in the comments section.

14/06/2026

"The person in custody must, prior to interrogation, be clearly informed that he has the right to remain silent, and that anything he says will be used against him in court; he must be clearly informed that he has the right to consult with a lawyer and to have the lawyer with him during interrogation, and that, if he is indigent, a lawyer will be appointed to represent him."

—U.S. Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona, holding 1.(d)

On June 13, 1966, the U.S. Supreme Court decided Miranda v. Arizona, overturning Ernesto Miranda’s conviction and remanding the case to the Arizona courts for a new trial.

14/06/2026

To aspiring lawyers,

After signing the Roll of Attorneys, many people will come to you seeking free legal advice. One common problem you may encounter is a person being detained for a crime he or she did not commit. 🥹

Unfortunately, some law enforcers engage in the so-called "laglag shabu" scheme or the planting of evidence, particularly in drug cases, to extort money from victims. This remains a serious concern in criminal law practice.

The Supreme Court (SC) has repeatedly highlighted this issue by incorporating similar scenarios in past Bar Examinations.

Read the sample Bar question in the comments section.

13/06/2026

An estranged married couple decided to separate. As part of their amicable settlement, they agreed to ask their 14-year-old child to choose a parent with whom to live.

The child chose the mother.

Displeased, the husband ceased providing for the child's tuition and the wife's support. The husband was a vice president of a highly profitable company.

Did the husband commit any crime?
Explain briefly.

2020/2021 CRIMINAL LAW BAR EXAM
QUESTION NO. 6

13/06/2026

"Mens rea" is frequently asked in the Bar Examinations because criminal liability generally requires both the prohibited act (actus reus) and the accused's criminal intent or guilty mind (mens rea). The law punishes not only what a person does, but also the intent with which the act is done.

13/06/2026

QUESTION NO. 4

"One Sunday afternoon, while standing at the corner of C.P. Garcia and Katipunan Avenues, an off-duty police officer accosted a motorcycle rider and asked them to alight. The off-duty police officer then inspected the motorcycle's compartment box.

Pretending that a sachet of shabu was found, the off-duty police officer demanded PHP1,000.00 in order to prevent an arrest.

Fearful of being incarcerated for life for a crime that was not really committed, the motorcycle rider readily complied. Unknown to the off-duty police officer, a surveillance camera caught the entire incident.

Will a charge of robbery prosper against the off-duty police officer? Explain briefly."

2020/2021 CRIMINAL LAW BAR EXAM
QUESTION NO. 4



📸 Bar examinees at the University of San Jose-Recoletos, Cebu City local testing center take the 2025 Bar Examinations on the first day of exams on September 7, 2025. (Photo courtesy of the Supreme Court Communications Office)

13/06/2026

"While executing a search warrant, a police officer pocketed and absconded with the mobile phone of the occupant of the premises being searched. The mobile phone was not the subject of the search warrant. It was not enumerated in the order.

Did the police officer commit a crime? Explain briefly."

2020/2021 CRIMINAL LAW BAR EXAM
QUESTION NO. 2



📸 Bar examinees at the University of San Jose-Recoletos, Cebu City local testing center take the 2025 Bar Examinations on the first day of exams on September 7, 2025. (Photo courtesy of the Supreme Court Communications Office)

"Muscle memory" 🙄📸 First day of school | ctto
08/06/2026

"Muscle memory" 🙄

📸 First day of school | ctto

07/06/2026

The right to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation is a frequently asked Bar examination question for an obvious reason—it is one of the most commonly violated rights. The Supreme Court will not hesitate to ask about it again in the Bar to emphasize its importance. Bar examinees should know this by heart. Read the sample case in the comments.

01/06/2026

SC Convicts Father for R*ping His Minor Ch*ld; Circumstantial Evidence Sufficient for Conviction, Court Cites 99.9999% DNA Test Result- SC En Banc, Per GAERLAN

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