One LegalTies

25/02/2026

𝘌𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘸𝘰𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘮𝘢𝘬𝘦𝘴 𝘢 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘮𝘪𝘴𝘦 𝘭𝘦𝘨𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘺 𝘣𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘯𝘨?
An 𝗔𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗱𝗮𝘃𝗶𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗨𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 is a sworn written statement where a person formally commits to fulfill a specific obligation or comply with certain conditions. Because it is made under oath, it carries legal weight and accountability.
⚖️Why is this important?
📌 𝘌𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘤𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘢𝘣𝘪𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘺
Since it is executed under oath, the person making the undertaking is legally bound to be truthful and responsible for the commitment stated.
📌 𝘊𝘭𝘢𝘳𝘪𝘧𝘪𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘣𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴
An Affidavit of Undertaking clearly outlines duties or responsibilities, helping prevent misunderstandings, disputes, or conflicting interpretations.
📌 𝘜𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘢𝘤𝘳𝘰𝘴𝘴 𝘷𝘢𝘳𝘪𝘰𝘶𝘴 𝘭𝘦𝘨𝘢𝘭 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘥𝘮𝘪𝘯𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘴𝘦𝘵𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘴
It is commonly required in employment, academic, contractual, and legal matters as written proof of a person’s commitment or compliance.
📌 𝘚𝘶𝘱𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘴 𝘵𝘳𝘶𝘴𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘭𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘦
Because it carries legal consequences if violated, it encourages honesty and adherence to agreed terms.

23/02/2026

23/02/2026

Please be advised that the official email address for our firm is [email protected].
Any other email addresses claiming to represent us are unauthorized and fraudulent. We are not affiliated with the sender below. Please remain vigilant and protect your personal information.

17/02/2026

17/02/2026

‼️ LOST SOMETHING IMPORTANT? 😱 Don't panic, but DO take action! ‼️
Losing important documents like your ID, passport, or even your ATM card can be a major headache. But did you know that getting an Affidavit of Loss is a crucial step that can save you from bigger problems down the road?
Why is an Affidavit of Loss so important? Here are 3 key reasons:
1. 🛡️ Protection Against Identity Theft: If your lost item falls into the wrong hands, an Affidavit of Loss serves as your legal declaration that the document is no longer in your possession. This can protect you from fraudulent transactions or identity theft using your lost IDs.
2. 📝 Legal Basis for Replacement: Most government agencies and private institutions require an Affidavit of Loss before they can process replacements for lost documents. It's the official proof you need to get new copies of your driver's license, passport, birth certificate, and more.
3. 📊 Record for Unforeseen Events: Having a formal record of your loss can be vital in case of any future disputes or legal issues related to the lost item. It creates a timestamped declaration that can support your claims.
Don't wait until it's too late! If you've lost an important document or item, visit a notary public immediately to have an Affidavit of Loss prepared. It's a small step that offers huge protection.

11/02/2026

REASONABLE CERTAINTY OF CONVICTION is a prosecutorial standard in the Philippines used by public prosecutors to determine whether a criminal case should be filed in court.

Under DOJ Department Circular No. 020, issued in 2023, prosecutors are now guided to file cases only when there is a reasonable certainty of conviction, not merely the existence of probable cause.

What does this mean in simple terms?
The prosecutor must assess whether the available evidence is strong enough to reasonably expect a guilty verdict if the case goes to trial.

Old approach (Probable Cause):
“Is it likely that a crime was committed and the respondent may be responsible?”

Current approach (Reasonable Certainty of Conviction):
“If this case goes to trial, is there a real chance of conviction based on this evidence?”

Why was this adopted?
To prevent weak cases from reaching the courts, reduce congestion, and protect individuals from prosecutions that are unlikely to succeed.

What this means for you:
If you are the complainant, you must present strong, complete, and admissible evidence during preliminary investigation. Bare allegations are no longer enough.
If you are the respondent, you may seek dismissal by showing that the evidence, even if taken at face value, is insufficient to secure a conviction.

In effect, this standard bridges the gap between preliminary investigation and the trial court’s requirement of proof beyond reasonable doubt.

11/02/2026

Good morning team!

10/02/2026

Welcome to the Team! ⚖️✨
We are thrilled to officially kick off the 2026 Recososa Law Firm Internship Program!
Please join us in giving a warm welcome to our three newest team members. We’re excited to have these bright minds join us to learn, grow, and contribute to our firm’s mission:
• Aya – University of San Jose-Recoletos (USJR)
• Alexi – University of San Jose-Recoletos (USJR)
• Jade – Bohol Island State University (BISU)
At Recososa Law, we believe in fostering the next generation of legal professionals, and we can't wait to see the impact these three will make during their time with us.
Welcome aboard, future lawyers! 🎓💼

04/02/2026

WHAT IS BP 22?

Batas Pambansa Blg. 22 penalizes the making or issuing of a check that is dishonored by the bank due to:
• ❌ Insufficient funds
• ❌ Closed account
• ❌ No credit arrangement

👉 The crime is the act of issuing the bad check, not fraud or estafa.

⸻

⚖️ ELEMENTS OF BP 22

✔️ A check is issued
✔️ The issuer knows there are insufficient funds
✔️ The check is dishonored by the bank
✔️ The issuer fails to pay within 5 banking days after notice

⸻

🧾 PENALTIES
• 💰 Fine: Up to double the amount of the check
• 🚫 Imprisonment: Up to 1 year
• ⚖️ Courts often impose fine instead of jail, but criminal liability still exists